[by:喜欢Hxen.com,请把Hxen.com告诉你QQ上的5位好友,多谢支持!] [00:00.00]恒星英语学习网 Unit 3 [00:07.00]A healthy life [00:08.75]Reading [00:10.29]ADVICE FROM GRANDAD [00:13.77]Dear James, [00:15.73]It’s a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. [00:21.60]I have just returned from a long bike ride to the old castle. [00:27.17]It’s amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. [00:34.69]It’s my birthday in two weeks time and I’ll be 82 years old! [00:41.04]I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. [00:47.28]This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. [00:52.95]Your mother tells me that you have started smoking and that you are finding it difficult to give up. [01:00.40]Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how hard it is to stop. [01:07.47]You see, when I was a teenager I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. [01:15.13]By the way, did you know there are three different ways you can become addicted? [01:22.08]You can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. [01:30.54]This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it and when the drug leaves your body, you feel sick, bad-tempered, or even in pain. [01:44.10]You can also become addicted through habit. [01:47.62]As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you become addicted through habit. [01:55.67]Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. [01:59.61]Some people believe they fell happier or more relaxed after they have a cigarette and so they begin to think that they only fell good when they smoke. [02:10.69]I think I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to give up. [02:18.24]But I did finally mange. [02:20.90]When I was young , I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking . [02:27.96]I didn’t know it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. [02:38.01]And I certainly didn’t know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. [02:45.38]However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible . [02:51.62]she said my breath and clothes smelt and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. [02:58.68]She said she wouldn’t go out with me again unless I stopped! [03:03.95]I also noticed that I couldn’t run as fast any more and that I wasn’t enjoying sport as much. [03:12.31]When I was taken off the school football team because I was too slow, I knew it was time to quit smoking. [03:21.38]I am sending you some advice I found on the internet. [03:25.92]It might help you to stop. [03:28.27]I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. [03:35.43]Love from Grandad [03:38.59]How can I stop smoking? [03:43.56]It isn’t easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you. [03:51.13]Here are a few suggestions. [03:53.40]Prepare yourself. [03:52.40]Decide on a day to quit. [03:55.46]Don’t choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. [04:01.52]Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping smoking. [04:06.28]At the end of the day before you plan to quit, throw away your last packet of cigarettes. [04:12.52]Be determined. [04:14.95]Every time you fell like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. [04:21.79]Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier. [04:25.55]Break the habit. Instead of smoking a cigarette, do something else. [04:32.53]Go for a walk, clean you teeth, drink some water, clean the house; [04:37.78]in fact, do anything that will keep your mind, and especially your hands, busy. [04:45.04]Relax. [04:46.90]If you start to feel nervous or stressed, don’t reach fro a cigarette. [04:51.96]Try some deep breathing instead. [04:54.60]Learn some relaxation exercises and do them every time you fell stressed. [05:00.95]Get help if you need it . [05:03.98]Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems , or join a stop-smoking group. [05:12.44]If you feel really bad, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you , like nicotine chewing gum. [05:21.46]Keep trying. [05:24.51]It has been found that some people have to try several times before they finally stop smoking. [05:31.96]If you weaken and have a cigarette, don’t be ashamed. Just try again . [05:38.49]You will succeed eventually. [05:41.13]Using Language [06:08.58]Reading [06:10.62]HIV is a virus. [06:12.58]ARE YOU AT RISK? [06:14.41]HIV is a virus. [06:17.64]A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. [06:22.01]There are many different viruses, for example the flu virus or the SARS virus. [06:28.77]HIV weakens a person’s immune system; that is , the part of the body that fights disease. [06:36.53]You can have HIV in your blood for a long time , but eventually it damages your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease. [06:47.89]This stage of the illness is called AIDS. [06:51.66]So far, almost everyone who has developed AIDS has died. [06:56.10]HIV is spread through blood or the fluids that the body makes during sex. [07:02.13]For a person to become infected, blood or sexual fluids that carry the virus have to get inside the body through broken skin, or by injection. [07:13.47]One day, scientists will find a cure for HIV/AIDS. [07:18.75]Until that happens, you need to protect yourself. [07:22.38]Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe. [07:26.74]If you inject drugs: [07:30.97]Do not share your needle with anyone else. [07:34.81]Blood from another person could stay on or in the needle. [07:40.14]If a person has HIV and you use the same needle, you could inject the virus into your own blood. [07:49.57]Do not share anything else that the person has used while injecting drugs. [07:56.05]Blood could have spilt onto it . [07:59.29]If you have sex with a male or a female: [08:05.45]Use a condom . [08:06.99]this will prevent sexual fluids passing from one person to another. [08:11.25]The following statements are NOT true. [08:14.80]A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex. [08:20.63]WRONG. [08:21.99]If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become infected. [08:28.44]You can tell by looking at someone whether or not they have HIV. [08:33.90]WRONG. [08:35.36]Many people carrying HIV look perfectly healthy. [08:39.62]It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick. [08:45.37]Only homosexuals get AIDS. [08:48.84]WRONG. [08:50.30]Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus. [08:57.46]Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men. [09:02.03]If you hug, touch or kiss someone with AIDS or visit them in their home you will get HIV/AIDS. [09:12.30]WRONG You can only get the disease from blood or sexual fluid. [09:18.23]Unfortunately, [09:19.38]people with HIV sometimes lose their friends because people are afraid they will get HIV/ AIDS from them . [09:27.56]For the same reason, some AIDS patients cannot find anyone to look after them when they are sick. [09:34.32]You can get HIV/AIDS from mosquitoes. [09:39.00]WRONG [09:40.04]There is no evidence of this.